Drug Testing Welfare Recipients Essay

According to a study on the government of Canada’s website, in 2003, 1.7 million people were on government assistance and that number has continued to grow. The current unemployment rate in Canada is 7.2% and many of those families rely on the government to put food on the table, a roof over their heads and clothes on their bodies, meaning that money is absolutely necessary. However, working citizens are often resentful of the citizens taking the money that they earned and some are demanding that welfare recipients be drug tested in order to be eligible. Although nowhere in Canada requires drug testing to receive welfare, several states in the United States do. However, this idea fails to consider that drug testing recipients punishes children, ignores that drug addiction is a disease that needs treatment, and that it has proven to not save money. Therefore, drug testing in order to be eligible for welfare is callous and nothing but a symptom of discrimination and selfishness in society. Taking away money from a citizen that tested positive for drugs would unfairly punish their children, who are innocent and didn’t choose to have the parents they were born to. 81.5% of assistance recipients in Oklahoma are children (Richey), which means that many children could suffer immensely because of their parent’s actions. If a person on welfare were to test positive for drugs and their funds were to be taken away, their children would lose their entire source of income, which would mean they would suffer infinitely more than they already did. The kids born to drug addicts would have no lunch money or clothes for school while alcoholics’ children still received funds. This would be extremely hypocritical and it is cruel to disadvantage children that already have the odds stacked against them. Living in poverty could  cause them to do poorly in school and possibly turn to drugs themselves, completely obliterating any chance they had for a better future. It is possible to argue that if parents are using drugs, they are already wasting the money that could go towards their children. Although this argument is true, completely taking away all of the money is not going to solve the problem. More over, sending more children into the already crowded foster care system would also only cause more problems, a fact that American Public Health Association, the National Association of Social Workers, and the National Association of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselor all agree with as they oppose all laws mandating drug testing in order to receive government funding (Richey). Finally, the money that families receive could help struggling parents get into rehab and back on their feet, allowing the children to overcome poverty and live a better life. The blatant disregard for how drug testing those on welfare would ruin children’s lives proves that the policy is callous and selfish. In society it is common for citizens to discriminate and stigmatize drug addicts. They are stereotyped as lazy but in reality, drug addiction is a disease that needs treatment. A person addicted to drugs cannot simply quit when they want to. Continued drug use changes the chemistry of the brain, alters its structure and its ability to function normally. Moreover, images taken of drug addicts’ brains show that the areas that are necessary for proper judgment, and behaviour control are greatly damaged. Once someone is addicted to drugs it is no longer a conscious choice to use, but something their body needs to function. It is wrong to discriminate against addicts because it is first and foremost, a disease, just like any other mental illness and there should not be any stigma attached to it. Therefore, entry into a medically supervised treatment centre is necessary so taking away that addict’s only source of income will not help them in any way and will only result in an increase in the homeless population. It is possible that some people on welfare may be waiting to get into a treatment program and need the money to support themselves while they do so. The blatant disregard that the policy of drug testing welfare recipients has for the physical and neurological effects that drug addiction has on a person clearly indicates the callousness and discrimination that the policy demonstrates. The final and most important argument is that drug testing does not save any money. In  fact it wastes it. The entire idea for drug testing is that drug user’s assistance could be terminated, and therefore save taxpayers from wasting their money however, this is not the case. The costs of producing and administering the tests have proven to cost more money than the governments saved from terminating those found to have been using drugs. Utah spent $30 000 drug testing people on welfare and only 12 people tested positive. Similarly, only 2% of people receiving government assistance in Florida failed the test, compared to national drug usage rate of 8% (Covert). This suggests that the majority of drug users are not those living in poverty, and hints at the unjust discrimination they face. Additionally, a recent New York Times article stated that testing in Florida cost the government an additional $45 780, which is grossly wasteful. Comparably, out of the 8 states that are enforcing legislation, none of them are saving money. In Arizona, only 1 person in 3 years tested positive (Kelly). Every single study done has shown that the state governments are losing money but more and more states are proposing it and citizens of Canada are pushing for it as well. As of 2013, 29 states have proposed the legislation, which is completely nonsensical. If no money is being saved, why are so many people behind the policy? The only possible reason has to be selfishness and the reluctance of citizens for their taxes to be going toward fellow citizens less fortunate than themselves. This exemplifies how drug testing the poor is simply a symptom of discrimination in society and not a means to save money. With all of the evidence considered, there is no rebutting the fact that drug testing in order to be eligible for welfare is callous and nothing but a symptom of discrimination and selfishness in society. The testing punishes children, which is unfair, ignores the fact that drug addiction is a disease and most significantly, doesn’t save any money. So many people are supporting this legislation but being poor should not result in someone being labeled as less than and a delinquent. It is unfair that the only standing reason for implementing or sustaining laws requiring drug testing is that people don’t want their money going to the less fortunate that ultimately, need it for survival. For any person that supports these legislations the main question that should be pondered is why? Why should the poor be drug tested when everyone receives government funds in one way or another? The fact is, they should not. Bibliography Covert, Bryce.†Utah Spent More Than $30,000 To Catch 12 Drug Users On Welfare.† ThinkProgress RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. Kelly, Brian P. â€Å"An Inane, Money-eating Sham: Drug Tests for Welfare a Huge Failure.† Saloncom RSS. N.p., 29 Aug. 2013. Web. 23 Mar. 2014. Richey, Kate. â€Å"Five Reasons Not to Drug-test.† Oklahoma Policy Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2014

Commitment to Students and Student Learning

1. Committedness to Students and Student Learning: The OCT members are dedicated to showing attention, demoing empathy and passion to pupils They are committed to pupils by endeavoring to understand each pupil and his demands and his abilities which inform the instruction planning. They besides promote diverseness inside and outside the schoolroom to reenforce positive acquisition Members show respect and equitably to pupils to heighten acquisition by provide enabling environment where pupils feel valued, free to portion thoughts and parts. Members encourage pupils to do pick and have entree in the schoolroom which is critical to patterning equity and equity They facilitate pupils ‘ growing by endeavoring to better acquisition installations and schoolroom environment. Members identify pupil ‘s involvement and their strengths in order to assist them develop their acquisition Members are sensitive to the demands of pupils by cognizing what to advance in pupils, accomplishments they need to utilize and how to actuate pupils ‘ larning utilizing differentiated instructions. Students are able to utilize their accomplishments to lend to the development of the communities. 2. Professional Knowledge Forms: Endeavoring and to be current: It is really of import for OCT member to update their professional cognition and remain current in their pattern. There are so many on preparation plans through the Board or the Ontario College which are eligible to members for them to upgrade their cognition. When instructors are current cognition, it improves their pattern and they can easy supply first manus information to their pupil. Understanding and reflecting pupil ‘s development, larning theory, teaching method, course of study, moralss, educational research and related policies and statute law: This involve that the instructor must a better apprehension of his topic, larning theory, teaching method, course of study, professional moralss, educational research and related policies and statute law. The instructor must besides understand the pupil as a whole individual with abilities, failings, strengths, positions and specific demands. It is indispensable for a instructor to reflect on a pupil ‘s acquisition development and place how to better development. 3. Professional Practice Forms: Application of professional cognition and experience: Teachers are expected to use their professional cognition to learning pattern by get the hanging the course of study and teaching method to advance pupil ‘s acquisition, professional cognition is really critical and it is the back bone of instruction. Besides an proverb says â€Å" experience is the best instructor † the more experienced a instructor is the better he is able to use a professional experience to different state of affairss that promote positive acquisition. Appropriate planning and method: It necessary for every instructor in a professional pattern to heighten pupil acquisition by utilizing the appropriate teaching method, carry out appraisal and rating, use assorted resources and engineering to run into the larning demands of every kid. Response to single demands: In professional pattern instructors need to understand each pupil and their single acquisition demands, this will help the instructor to react to the demands of the pupil by utilizing assorted professional instruction method and planning to run into that demands. . Refine professional pattern: All instructors should be brooding practicians. It is compulsory for all members to better on their professional pattern through on traveling enquiry, duologue and contemplation. This will help instructors to detect new ways of making things better. 4. Leadership in Learning Communities Forms: Creation of collaborative and supportive acquisition communities: Teachers should jointly work together as a squad to set about activities that will back up pupils ‘ larning. They should besides work together with parents to supply support for larning community. They should reflect on their activities in order to better pupils ‘ public presentation. Shared duty and leading function: Members should understand the vision of the school and their duties into doing it effectual, nevertheless, they should non merely be involved in the procedure of developing shared vision but brand is a duty to utilize the vision as a usher station in doing determination about learning and larning in the school. Maintain and uphold ethical criterion: Teachers should go on to demo unity, trust in larning communities. They should keep the moral rules of professional moralss by which they set themselves as function theoretical account to pupils, parents and the community in general 5. Ongoing Professional Learning Forms: Committedness to professional acquisition: Ongoing professional preparation is an effectual tool in dispatching instruction pattern and bettering pupils ‘ acquisition. Teacher should go on to develop their professional cognition by reading, transporting out research and reflect on experience. Identify interesting/controversial phrases in each of sphere. 1. Committedness to pupil and pupil acquisition Dedicated in their attention and committedness to pupil larning – interesting 2. Professional Knowledge. Strive to be current and acknowledge its relationship to pattern 3. Professional Practice Polish their professional pattern Apply professional cognition and experience 4. Leadership in Learning Communities Promote and take part in the creative activity of corporate, safe and supportive acquisition communities – controversial 5. Ongoing Professional Learning Acknowledge that a committedness to ongoing professional acquisition is built-in to effectual pattern and to student larning – interesting

An Analysis of the Components of a Business Plan

An Analysis of the Components of a Business Plan The purpose of this paper is to analyze the different components of a business plan. Each part will be described in a brief overview, with more focus being put on specific sections. The Small Business Association has outlined each of the documents that make up the proposal on its website. This guideline provides accessibility and reference for businesses to create a roadmap of their own. One important document for any company to include in their business plan is an executive summary. This component informs readers of what your business does, where it is planning to go, and what will make the company successful. The contents of this abbreviated description varies depending on the stage of a business. A well-established company would include its mission statement; explaining what the business does and stands for. The executive summary would also contain financial information such as current investors, and increased growth/profits each year. A new business on the other hand, would describe the decisions and background leading to the startup of the new company as well as the owners’ experience. This information is intended to show potential investors why the company would succeed in its target market. Another key aspect of a business plan is the company description which reviews the different aspects of a business. This is where a company will explain what market their services or products will satisfy a need. Typically following the company description is a market analysis which describes the industry and target market for your business. This is where a company will describe their strengths, weaknesses, and other components of the competitive landscape within their target market. After this, a business will explain its organization and management structure which is an overview of the company’s internal hierarchy. This includes a detailed description of the owner and management team, with resumes for reference to experience. An extremely important part of a business plan is a company’s service or product line which explains their product or service and how it will benefit consumers. This section provides specific examples of how the business’s product or service will fulfill customers’ needs and why it supersedes any competitor’s products or services. Two important details to include in the service or product line is how long its life cycle is as well as any copyright or patents that have been obtained or are still pending approval. Along with copyright and patent information, it is imperative a company lists any legal agreements to be acknowledged by the public. Following the service or product line, a company should state their marketing and sales strategies implemented to make their business successful. This information includes detailed explanations of marketing, growth, distribution plans in addition to strategic sales force and sales activities. Most companies seek financing from a variety of investors and therefor, must specify in their funding request, what this money will be used towards. Information listed in this section includes current and future funding requirements, intended use of the money to remain transparent with potential investors. One of the last pieces to include in a business plan is the financial projections, this is a company’s opportunity to demonstrate its current fiscal data and forecasted projections for coming years. Important points to reference are financial details from previous years such as statements, income and expense sheets, as well as collateral to use for loans. Companies must ensure the projections match funding requests to prevent prospective creditors from finding inconsistencies. Using graphs to represent positive economic growth, most businesses are able to successfully showcase their initiative to potential investors. The final piece to include in a business plan is the appendix, which contains all reference documents, such as product pictures, credit history, licenses and permits, legal contracts, and reference letters. To conclude, a business plan has multiple components that serve as an overview of a company’s proposal to attract customers and investors alike. Each section contains vital information to a business’s marketing and organizational analysis and strategies, funding requests, product or service features, and an overall company description. This plan provides detailed information regarding a company’s business model and future projections. The different information listed lends transparency between a business and the public.

Personal Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Personal Statement - Essay Example This happened because of a mistaken identity whereby I had been implicated of an offence on the basis of my brother in law resembling my husband. I desired to be in a capacity to defend my rights and those of others. I associated this experience with the difficulties that I had experienced in my childhood and all the people that might have experienced a lot of suffering because they lacked skills in criminal justice and could access effective representation to defend their rights. I have maintained my ambitions to accomplish my professional goals in criminal justice, with a strong desire to become an attorney. I have a strong conviction that needy people will get help from me and that I will be capable of helping the innocent to proof their innocence. I learned English with a bit of difficulty, but with my ambitious nature I succeeded and by my twelfth grade I could read and write in English. To augment my success, I gave in to my mentor’s advice to join a community college where I studied administration and psychology courses. I graduated in 1995 but I was determined to study further in spite of the family responsibilities that had emerged after my marriage. I enrolled for a bachelor of course name degree in Mexico and completed successfully. However, my desire to become an attorney compelled me to keep focused on emerging opportunities and to revitalize my professional ambitions that had withered due to circumstances. I have strong leadership skills as well as a high level of emotional intelligence that helps me to understand the feelings and beliefs of other people which, I believe will be significant for my legal studies. I am patient and always give people ample time to express their views. I have the capability to lead others to find practical solutions to issues affecting them, especially the natural challenges that are beyond human control. However, as Reichert (2006) observes, strengths go together with weaknesses. I believe that my performance

Globalisation, Transnationals and Economic Policy Essay

Globalisation, Transnationals and Economic Policy - Essay Example Foreign direct investment has been very very important to the economic development in Central and Eastern Europe over the last decade. Basically, importance is marked by successful resource seeking there. Also, Market seeking is another important economic development in Central and Eastern Europe. Lastly, Efficiency seeking has improved the economic situation in Central and Eastern Europe.Basically, importance is marked by successful resource seeking there. Some parent companies invests large capital resource in order to to acquire major factors of production that are more efficient than if the factors are obtained in its home country base. In fact, these scarce resources may not even be available in the home economy at all. These major factors include cheap labor and natural and resources. This exemplifies why Foreign Direct Investors set up shop into developing countries like the Asian third world countries. Specifically, some parent companies would go out of its way to seek cheap and hard to find natural resources in the Middle East and Africa. Other foreign direct investment companies prefer to set up manufacturing plants in in Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe because of the cheap labor costs there.This will increase the purchasing power of the workers in Eastern Europe. As a result This will decrease the unemployment rate in Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia.Also, Market seeking is another important economic development in Central and Eastern Europe.... As a result This will decrease the unemployment rate in Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia. Also, Market seeking is another important economic development in Central and Eastern Europe. Some foreign direct investment companies would daringly venture in uncharted waters as they set up shop in Central and Eastern Europe. The companies main aim is to increase its market territory. Expectedly, this marketing strategy of expansion will increase total world-wide sales thereby increasing profits. Reasonably, the parent companies only want to protect or their current sales figures. Hopefully, some parent companies just want to infiltrate the markets of its competitors while protecting its markets in its home country base. Some parent companies enter this type of international marketing strategy through mergers and acquisitions. Lastly, Efficiency seeking has improved the economic situation in Central and Eastern Europe. Clearly, some foreign direct investors venture into Central and Eastern Europe in order to exploit the economies of scale and the scope there. The market in Central and Eastern Europe can be segregated into the rich, the average and the poor customer prospects. It is even suggested that this type of Foreign Direct Investment can be realized after either resource or market seeking investments have been cropped up. Then, this will in all probability will increase the sales as well as the profitability of the firm. Typically, this is the type of Foreign Direct Investments that is mostly widely practiced in highly developed economies. This is what is actually happening within closely integrated markets like Central and Eastern Europe. EXAMPLES: In Western Europe( Thuermer, 2006) stated

There are 3 options and the writer can choose 1 to write on Essay

There are 3 options and the writer can choose 1 to write on - Essay Example In the event that social inclusion refers to the obligation of all members of the society to include individuals secluded by society based on bias or unjustified reasons, then preventing the birth of people with individuals via genetic intervention cannot be justified. The paper holds that preventing the birth of individuals with disabilities within the present social system is immoral and exclusive of people with disabilities. From Chance to Choice Introduction One of the dominant ways in which the human condition could be altered is through the enhancement of fundamental human capacities. If one of the partners carries a version of a gene that could prejudice the offspring to inherit conditions that they want to avert, then gene manipulation may appear a viable way to safeguard the undesired outcome. Disability represents a physical or mental condition that individuals have a powerful preference not to be, which in some sense can be considered as a â€Å"harmed condition.† T his elevates the significance of probing the normative questions raised by such prospects (Robertson,1996. Background In the article titled â€Å"from Chance to Choice,† Buchanan et al. ... The prediction on whether support will reduce as science reduces the occurrence of genetic diseases is much less reasonable today, than it would have been two decades ago. This disregards the possibility that those who may not be disabled can possess legitimate interests in minimizing the rate of disabilities (Buchanan, Brock, Daniels, & Wilker, 2000). The interest that individuals have in not having disabilities can be regarded as morally legitimate; however, in some instances, the interest may be irrelevant since the disability can be averted only by safeguarding the existence of the individual who might be born with the disability. The incidence of genetically based diseases may be minimized devoid of preventing the birth of individuals who might have disabilities. Hence, argument on the loss of support must be rejected as it fails to award any weight to the legitimate interests that individuals possess in averting disabilities. Buchanan et al. (2000) makes a distinction between b eing harmed and being wrongly harmed. Furthermore, the loss of support argument is exclusionary, which render it flawed since it considers only a section of legitimate interest at stake and award no weight to the legitimate interests that individuals have in not having disabilities (Sherlock & Morrey, 2002). Discussion I agree with the presented notion that utilizing germ line choice to eliminate disabilities is immoral and harmful. Overall, there exists an inherent ethical objection to the pursuit of altering genes of future generations given that such an action cannot be labelled as a â€Å"therapy† of a set future offspring, but rather relies on a â€Å"eugenic† judgement on the worthiness of

Prehistory and Ancient Civilizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Prehistory and Ancient Civilizations - Essay Example It is worth making note of the fact that, this covers about ninety nine percent of technological developments in human prehistory...the period extends from hominines like australopithecines who lived about two and a half million years ago to the end of Pleistocene who lived about ten thousand years ago. It is this stage that preceded Mesolithic period. There are so many events that necessitated human evolution namely; the desire to eat cooked food that, led to the invention of fire. The need to find more food that prompted mankind to procedurally better his tools both for hunting and cultivation. The need to protect them not only led to the development of weaponry but also made fire relevant for scaring wild animals (Lubbock, 2002). The desire to acquire items that they did not produce necessitated the commencement of trade or commerce. The unpredictable climatic conditions led to the start up arithmetic to study the stars for hindsight on seasons, the study on weather and climate and arithmetic. This period is distinct with the development of human technology. It began at about ten thousand and two hundred BC, in some parts of the Middle East and later on in other parts of the world. (ASPRO chronology) to between four thousand five hundred and two thousand BC Traditionally regarded as the final part of the Stone Age, this period followed the end Holocene Epipaleolthic period underpinned by the commencement of agriculture which led to the Neleolithic revolution. This period ended with the wide spread of metal tools in the copper age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age (Toth & Schick, 2007). Neolithic period is termed as a progression of cultural, behavioral and cultural elements and transformations such as, man’s adoption of wild fruits and his attempts to start domesticating crops and animals. The on set of Neolithic culture is regarded as Lavant. The culture is said to have developed from the

Explain what Utilitarianism theory would say is our moral obligation Essay

Explain what Utilitarianism theory would say is our moral obligation to help end world hunger. Is distance a morally relevant criterion according to Utilitarianism Why or why not - Essay Example According to Mill, ethical judgments should be based on the criterion of the usefulness of the human acts. A person can determine whether his/her action is good or evil based on its usefulness. However, the utility is seen not primarily as an individual utility, but as a public utility. Utilitarianism takes into account the fact that the act can be considered ethically justified if it promotes happiness or benefit for a large number of people. It is seen as â€Å"the ‘greatest happiness’ principle† (Beauchamp, 2013). Based on this, utilitarianism evaluates human moral obligations to help end world hunger in accordance with the amount of benefit that it can bring to humanity. The distance between the people in this regard is not critical, since the emphasis is on the benefit for the whole of humanity in the case of our aid to poor countries. If the aid to the starving countries from developing countries will lead to higher overall benefit and happiness, then utilitarianism appreciates it. Otherwise, utilitarianism does not see the moral reasoning for such

Land Use Effects on Water Quality at Different Sites along the River Literature review

Land Use Effects on Water Quality at Different Sites along the River Ribble - Literature review Example Several scholars have released many notable works regarding river preservation. This literature review will explore the important points stated by some of them and discover how various methods suggested by them will be useful to protect the unique nature of the river Ribble in England. River Ribble situated on the North Western part of England is an important river in the UK. River Ribble originates in the Yorkshire Dales region and flows east draining into the Irish Sea. River Ribble covers nearly 110 Km from its starting point to the joint where it merges with the Irish Sea. Five rivers - Darwen, Douglas, Calder, Hodder and Ribble - drain into the Ribble estuary. The Ribble River is home to thousands of different birds and fishes. The Ribble estuary is one of the biggest in the UK. The 7 km stretch of the River Ribble starting from Settle and lasting till Cow Bridge is considered as a 'Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)’. The area is home to nearly 34,000 birds and n umerous fishes like Atlantic salmon, crayfish and unique organisms like Eurasian otter. River Ribble is considered as one of the important wetland sites in the UK, as it is teeming with high biodiversity. The latest research conducted in 2011 suggests a large part of this 7 km stretch is rendered ‘unfavourable’ because of constant flooding and high pollution levels. As a result a fully fledged Long Preston Deeps SSSI River Restoration Plan was launched in 2010 (Natural England, 2011). Several organizations, like the EU Water Framework Directive, work with the aim of restoring the natural features of the Ribble basin as it is being polluted severely in the recent years owing to various reasons. All over the world, there are four main reasons for river basins getting polluted drastically. 1. The first major reason is sewage discharge. Human faecal discharges are a major form of water pollutant even in developed Western countries. Sewage disposal is usually released into t he river in from of outfall pipes, by dumping the sewage sludge in the rivers or through the wash water which brings with it an enormous amount of animal waste and fertilizers used in the adjoining lands. Converting the marshlands close to the river into agricultural lands will increase this problem by many folds. Domestic waste, organic wastes, industrial wastes everything forms a part of this sewage. The same water is purified using chlorine in the drinking water treatment plants. Excess chlorine addition to water increases the rate of bladder and colon cancer in people drinking them for many years (Perera & Boffetta, 1988). 2. Water discharges released from cooling plants in power stations and fertilizer producing companies can alter the natural temperature of the river disturbing its habitat enormously. 3. Industrial and toxic wastes like organocholrines and radioactive wastes are dumped into the river. They make the river water poisonous reducing its quantity and aqua life seve rely. 4. Agriculture and horticulture use fertilizers extensively. When they are washed into the river, the natural nutrient content in the river is increased leading to the growth of harmful plants like phytoplanktons. Algal blooms also occur. They will absorb too much water for their growth killing the river eventually. Controlling intensive farming in areas very close to the river is a must to save it (Falconer et al, 2005). It is a well known fact that the effluent from the

Terrorism Act 2000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Terrorism Act 2000 - Essay Example All the criticisms have been centered round the very basic issue of definition of the term 'terrorism'. This paper details some of the contradicting views on the definition of terrorism. The definition of terrorism has been exhaustively dealt with by section 1 of the Terrorism Act 20001. Under Section 1 of the Terrorism Act, 2000 the term 'terrorism' is defined to include "any specified action, the use or threat of which is designed to influence any government or to intimidate the public in order to advance a political religious or ideological purpose" (James Hammerton)2. The use or threat of action which involves the use of firearms or explosives will be deemed to be terrorism whether it is designed to influence the government or not or to intimidate a section of the public. The definition as provided for in section 1 of the Terrorism Act, 2000 thus includes an action that satisfies result under subsection (2), intention under subsection (1) (b) and motivation under subsection (1) (c). However it has been specifically provided that where the action involves there is no relevance of the intention3. The major criticism against this exhaustive definition brought into force by the Terrorism Act 2000 is that it has the effect of making a serious assault on the civil liberties. This criticism is leveled on the ground that the definition covers even those who voice support for armed resistance against suppressive regimes and even those who organize mass faxing to register their protest against the government. The report from University of Essex describes the definition as too wide devoid of the clarity required for the criminal law.4 The same report points out that Amnesty International and the Parliamentary Joint Committee also have a similar view on the definition of the term 'terrorism'.5 It has been pointed out that the Terrorism Act, 2000 does not cite any specific offence of committing an act of terrorism, as has not been the case with the legislation in many other jurisdictions. Here in the case of Terrorism Act the tacit legal assumption is that the existing offences under any other criminal law would cover the terrorist attack under Terrorism Act. However this may give rise to a situation that the acts or conducts which are ancillary to the terrorist acts would be "criminalized in many situations in which analogous conduct ancillary to other criminal activity would not be". The following cases will clearly illustrate this point It is considered as an offence under section 56 of the Terrorism Act, 2000 to direct a terrorist organisation at any level. This act at a very low level may not be subjected to the wider scope of terrorist attack "It is an offence under section 38B of the 2000 Act, as inserted by the Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, for any person to fail to disclose as soon as reasonably practicable any information which he knows or believes might be of material

Emotional Intelligence Essay Example for Free

Emotional Intelligence Essay Emotional intelligence is defined as an individual’s ability to perceive, control and appraise emotions. Emotional intelligence can be learned, strengthened or be an inborn characteristic. Emotional intelligence is thus the subject of social intelligence that entails the ability to monitor one’s own and other’s thoughts and emotions, to differentiate among them and to apply information in guiding one’s thinking and actions. There are four varied areas of emotional intelligence. This includes, identifying, understanding using, and managing emotions. In the current world, emotional intelligence influence behavior in various social settings such as schools, community and the work place (Matthews, Zeidner Roberts, 2004). Every activity that is done with application of emotional intelligence is aimed at superseding and helping persons in their academic achievement, work performance, capacity to communicate effectively and solving daily problems. This helps an individual in building meaningful affiliations and making moral decisions. Mindfulness is viewed as an emotional intelligence for an individual growth. Mindfulness involves centering on one’s concentration on thoughts, feelings and events in the present time while remaining inquisitive, open and admitting whatever happens. Mindfulness promotes effectiveness as an individual engrosses himself/herself in an experience so as to disregard himself/herself. Mindfulness can be used as a technique for management of intense emotions such as fear and anger that leads to misconstruction and conflict. This enhances minimization of human suffering. Mindfulness practice facilitates interpersonal perceptive and effectiveness through social and emotional progress. Therefore, mindfulness strengthens ourselves and also promotes others as well as increasing self-regulation which is a main component of emotional intelligence. In Effective Emotional Orientation (EEO), a leader must have emotional intelligence. This helps him/her to bring into line personal and subordinate goals so as to accomplish the company’s goals. Nevertheless, EEO can be promoted through achievement of competencies. The skills that an individual acquires help him/her to increase the ability to manage and monitor his or her own emotions and correctly determine the emotional status of others in influencing their opinions. According to Buddhist approach to emotional well- being, when training is done for a particular period of time, it fosters mental and emotional well-being. However, subjective interior experience must be acknowledged as a justifiable domain of reality. Buddhist view mental health as a condition of mental balance and division of emotions on the basis of either constructive emotions or destructive emotions. The conception of emotional intelligence has been applied in a number of areas that are outside the psychological research and therapy rings. Professional, educational and community organizations have incorporated various aspects of the emotional intelligence values. This helps institutions to promote working linkages, have better results and advance personal contentment. Emotional intelligence is applied so as to normalize emotions for personal health and more especially, mental health (Matthews, Zeidner Roberts, 2004). For instance low emotional intelligence is coupled with depression, low self-esteem, solitude, suicidal feelings and hostile behavior. On the other hand, high emotional intelligence is associated with increased well-being such as more fulfillments with life and increased happiness. Emotional intelligence has a significant function in medicine nursing and other healthcare disciplines for both personal healthcare and professional practice. In everyday life, emotional intelligence is seen as a possible aspect in mediating stress. Therefore, acknowledgement of emotional intelligence is vital to health care administration leadership in order to promote health in the society. References Matthews, G, Zeidner, M Roberts, D. (2004). Emotional intelligence: science and myth. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.

DNA Extraction From Chicken Liver

DNA Extraction From Chicken Liver Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a persons body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA). The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Human DNA consists of about 3 billion bases, and more than 99 percent of those bases are the same in all people. The order, or sequence, of these bases determines the information available for building and maintaining an organism, similar to the way in which letters of the alphabet appear in a certain order to form words and sentences. DNA bases pair up with each other, A with T and C with G, to form units called base pairs. Each base is also attached to a sugar molecule and a phosphate molecule. Together, a base, sugar, and phosphate are called a nucleotide. Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix. The structure of the double helix is somewhat like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the ladders rungs and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder. An important property of DNA is that it can replicate, or make copies of itself. Each strand of DNA in the double helix can serve as a pattern for duplicating the sequence of bases. This is critical when cells divide because each new cell needs to have an exact copy of the DNA present in the old cell. The extraction of DNA from cells and its purification are of primary importance to the field of biotechnology and forensics. Extraction and purification of DNA are the first steps in the analysis and manipulation of DNA that allow scientists to detect genetic disorders, produce DNA fingerprints of individuals, and even create genetically engineered organisms that can produce beneficial products such as insulin, antibiotics, and hormones.ÂÂ   Once the DNA has been isolated, it is essential to accurately determine its concentration for subsequent manipulation such as cloning or sequence determination. To quantify the amount of DNA that extracted by using spectrophotometry. The aims of this experience is to: To use the properties of DNA to isolate long strands of DNA from liver cells. To determine the yield of DNA isolated from a given amount of tissue. To examine the light absorbing properties of purified DNA. To examne the relationship between the concentration of a DNA solution and the absorbnce at 595nm of DNA-diphenylamine solution. To generate a standrad curve relating DNA concentraton with the absorbance of DNA-diphenylamine solutions. To use a standard curve to determine the concentration of an unknown DNA solution. Materials and Methods As per lab manual. Results Firstly, the chicken liver cell homogenate is treated with a salt solution such as NaCl and a detergent solution containing the compound SDS (sodiumdodecyl sulfate). These solutions break down and emulsify the fat proteins that make up a cell membrane. Finally, ethanol is added because DNA is soluble in water. After adding ethanol a relatively clear aqueous will be produced, the first layer is the milky solution that is the aqueous phase with DNA, the middle layer is the solid (precipitate proteins). The bottom layer is a clear solution (organic). The DNA can be spooled (wound) on a stirring rod and pulled from the solution at this point. The amount of DNA solution we got is 5.4ml.Than we put the DNA solution in 2ml tube (1.041g). The total weight of DNA solution and tube is 1.106g. The amount of DNA we got is 1.106-1.041g = 0.065g. Next we prepare 4 standard tubes by adding TE buffer (ml) to the DNA standard solution (ml). And also added to each of the 3 samples of my DNA. The total DNA (mg) is recorded in the table 1. The observed colour change of 4 standard tube and my 3 samples are recorded in table 2 and 3. We pipette the DNA samples and each standards tubes into separate wells of a 96 well microtitre plate. We measured the absorbance at 595nm of the DNA-diphenylamine solutions using the plate reader. Our results are shown in the graph with the used of the reading of table 4. Form the graph we find that the concentration of undiluted DNA is 0.232=0.46mg/ml. Discussion and Conclusions For this experiment we determinate the yield of the DNA isolate from given amount of tissue is: 1g -> 63mg 0.065g -> 4.095mg (wet weight of the DNA to dry weight) 3ml -> 4.095mg 5.4ml -> 7.371mg (DNA in the entire aqueous phase is collected) 3. 4ml -> 7.371mg 5.3ml -> 9.767mg The final calculation of the dry DNA is 9.767mg/g liver. For the experiment we examine that the light absorbing properties of purified DNA. The wavelength is range 220-300nm. The wavelength of the DNA is 260nm. We also calculated that the yield of DNA per g of liver from Lab 2 is: The amount (mg) of DNA contain => 0.461.5=0.69mg Aqueous from lab 1 = 5.4mg 0.69/2 =0.345mg (0.3455.4)/3 = 0.621mg The final value in mg of dry DNA/g liver is: 0.621mg/g. In the end of the experiments, we managed to complete our objectives. In summary, we learn that the alcohol can causes DNA to precipitate, or settle out of the solution, leaving behind all the cellular components that arent soluble in alcohol. As alcohol is less dense than water, so it floats on top forming two separate layers. We also learn that the advantage of spectrophotometry is that diphenylamine only reacts with DNA more accurate as RNA would not be determined. The disadvantage of spectrophotometry is that it always requires standard solution. The advantage of calculating of yield by its weight is that it does not require standard solution. The disadvantage of calculating of yield by its weight is that it is less accurate as RNA is counted in.

Books Will Never be Replaced Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Books Will Never be Replaced What is it about a book, the physical book, the tangible reincarnation of an author that allows us to believe it will continue to be revered and regarded even in our age of computerized information? How can we be sure that, just as the clay tablet gave way to the scroll and bound book, the faith we have placed in paper editions will not be improved upon with the microchip? It may be that for all our attempts to squeeze and shrink information into screens, to encapsulate a world of knowledge into the size of a suitcase, to create a communications device which is always targeted at fitting into the palm of one's hand, there exists a hand-held favorite already which has worked itself inextricably into the human consciousness. The book is too close to our minds, hearts and hands to be replaced. When Ovid, the scurrilous Roman poet, fell out of favor with Caesar and was exiled to one of the far and rainy reaches of the empire, he put his faith in a book. He sent a volume of his poems from exile back to the city of Rome for publication and the possible vindication of his name. According to his opening lines, he sent it like a son: Little book, you're off to town without me, wet behind the ears (your ink is hardly dry). Enjoy it. I can't go. Papa's not allowed. Ovid insisted that a book could represent him and the sorrows of banishment to the emperor. The clever pun of which Ovid was probably aware was that the Latin word for book (liber) was close to the word for children (liberi). Whether Caesar appreciated the humor or not, his decree never wavered. Ovid lived the remainder of his life on the Black Sea, never able to return to the city that made him great, leaving only his book-child to b... ...it would be easier for a mother to forsake her child than for humanity to part with the passion for its paperbound twin-image. Technology has yet to produce the book's equal because it has approached the hand-held counterpart with hopes of improving speed, providing variety, expanding capability. But the book is and has always been a retreat of sorts, a stepping back for contemplation rather than a rapacious scramble for information. The book, more human symbol now than a silent reality on a shelf, will remain the quiet and palpable meditation between the hand, the head, and the heart. Sources cited: Abrams, M. H.. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. New York: W & W Norton & Company, 1993. Gwynn, R.S.. Poetry. New York: HarperCollins College Publishers, 1993. Slavitt, David. Ovid's Poetry of Exile. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990.

The Governments and States of Locke, Aquinas, and St. Augustine Essay e

In John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government, he identifies a government that is of the peoples consent with his essential raison d΄Ãƒ ªtre being the preservation and protection of personal property. This type of government is extremely comparable with the type of government that St. Augustine describes in his work City of God, while at the same time contrasts the views of Aquinas in the ways a state should operate. The end goal of how each of these philosophers’ states purposes presents the greatest split between each of their philosophies. To understand how each of these philosophers’ states are similar and different from each other, a deeper analysis is necessary. The first and possibly most striking similarity between the states that both Locke and St. Augustine propose lies in the fact that both see the state as a necessary evil. Locke describes the perfect life as one in the â€Å"state of nature†, where there are limitless boundaries to freedom. Within these limitless boundaries to do whatever you want lays the ability for others to do harm to you and your property, because they have complete freedom as well. In order to overcome this lack of security, Locke describes the state as a necessary evil which one must give up certain freedoms in order to be protected under the rule of law. This is similar to St. Augustine in the respect that within the world there are evil men who will do harm to others. Augustine argues that laws are necessary to make sure that people can live with the peace of mind that they are protected from the sins of others. One of the contrasting points the states of Aquinas and Locke possess is rooted in how each state should set up and decide their laws. Aquinas argues that we should set up our laws based on high morals, which all men could agree on, and on the high ideals of natural law. Locke disagrees with this in the respect that all men are Tabula Rasa, which begin life as blank slates and develop their views and ideas based on the experiences they are exposed to. According to Locke the men in the state of Aquinas would all have different experiences and place importance on different morals and ideals. Therefore, Locke argues that in order to have a legitimate set of laws, they must be based on very solid foundations which cannot be subject to argument. Such foundations would be the protection of property, as well as the ... ...ant to be told that there is only one version of right and wrong, which is exactly what the opposing state proposes. Examples of the type of state that Aquinas and St. Augustine present can be seen in some of the failed regimes of the past century. Prime examples of states that attempted to strive for the better good of its people, and failed, can be seen in both Nazi Germany and communist Russia. These states attempted to take each individual and force them into an ideal â€Å"mold† of what they wanted their citizens to become. Even though these societies succeeded for some amount of time, both have since collapsed and states in the Lockean from have arose out of their ashes. As aforementioned, both of the types of states presented have strong and weak points to ponder on. Both have rose to power at one point in time or another, although the Lockean state has remained where others have fallen. Overall, an argument can be made that in our modern world with globalization and a never ending mixing of cultures; the only way for a state to succeed is to put ideological ideals behind and look to protect the greater good by looking out for the â€Å"peace, safety, and public good of its people.†

A Comparison of Bless Me Ultima and The House on Mango Street Essay

Exploring Syncretism in Bless Me Ultima and The House on Mango Street      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Syncretism is the fine line between Christianity and Native American Religions because it is the ambivalent, simultaneous attraction of choice and identification to the influences of two or more religious belief systems. Syncretism is most common among minority groups such as Hispanics. The definition applied to their unique position of culture is brought about by the Native American and Spanish ancestry. Ambivalence is shown even by the word Hispanic, which is an "umbrella" term. The novels, Rudolfo Anaya's Bless Me Ultima(1972) and Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street(1984) explore syncretism and how it enhances and exemplifies the issue of ambivalent behavior in regards to the combined use of Native and Christian religions. In Bless Me Ultima and The House on Mango Street, syncretism is displayed through the actions of both novels to show that syncretism is the "bridge" of ambivalence. Syncretism in context of Anaya and Cisneros' novels, merge Christianity and Native American pagan religions to form the syncretic nature of ambivalent Hispanic Americans. There are several main points in each text that exhibit the issue of syncretism. These points or issues include the "Christ-like" comparison, the witchcraft comparison, and the comparison of pagan religions of superstition and sorcery. The concept of good and evil revealed in the two Hispanic novels through the mixture of Christianity and Native religions is a type of syncretism created by folk Catholicism. According to Ellwin Stoddard's Mexican Americans, the concept of folk Catholicism, "is driven on the idea that the formal sphere of the Catholic church is blended with the Native ... ...on, folk Catholicism. In consequence, Hispanics have in a sense walked a fine line of ambivalence in relation to syncretic religious practices. Works Cited Anaya, Rudolfo. Bless Me Ultima. New York: Warner Books, 2002. Cisneros, Sandra. The House on Mango Street. New York: Random House, 2006. Dictionary of Hispanic Biography. "Rudolfo Anaya" Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990. Penguin Dictionary of Religions, ed. John R. Hiumells. 2004. Stoddard, Ellwin R. Mexican Americans. New York: Random House, 1973. The Heath Anthology of American Literature. 3rd.ed., v.1. "The History of the Miraculous Apparition of the Virgin of Guadalupe in 1531.Ed. Paul Lauter. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Wiget, Andrew O., "Native American Oral Narrative" in The Heath Anthology of American Literature 3rd ed., v.1. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. 24-27.    A Comparison of Bless Me Ultima and The House on Mango Street Essay Exploring Syncretism in Bless Me Ultima and The House on Mango Street      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Syncretism is the fine line between Christianity and Native American Religions because it is the ambivalent, simultaneous attraction of choice and identification to the influences of two or more religious belief systems. Syncretism is most common among minority groups such as Hispanics. The definition applied to their unique position of culture is brought about by the Native American and Spanish ancestry. Ambivalence is shown even by the word Hispanic, which is an "umbrella" term. The novels, Rudolfo Anaya's Bless Me Ultima(1972) and Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street(1984) explore syncretism and how it enhances and exemplifies the issue of ambivalent behavior in regards to the combined use of Native and Christian religions. In Bless Me Ultima and The House on Mango Street, syncretism is displayed through the actions of both novels to show that syncretism is the "bridge" of ambivalence. Syncretism in context of Anaya and Cisneros' novels, merge Christianity and Native American pagan religions to form the syncretic nature of ambivalent Hispanic Americans. There are several main points in each text that exhibit the issue of syncretism. These points or issues include the "Christ-like" comparison, the witchcraft comparison, and the comparison of pagan religions of superstition and sorcery. The concept of good and evil revealed in the two Hispanic novels through the mixture of Christianity and Native religions is a type of syncretism created by folk Catholicism. According to Ellwin Stoddard's Mexican Americans, the concept of folk Catholicism, "is driven on the idea that the formal sphere of the Catholic church is blended with the Native ... ...on, folk Catholicism. In consequence, Hispanics have in a sense walked a fine line of ambivalence in relation to syncretic religious practices. Works Cited Anaya, Rudolfo. Bless Me Ultima. New York: Warner Books, 2002. Cisneros, Sandra. The House on Mango Street. New York: Random House, 2006. Dictionary of Hispanic Biography. "Rudolfo Anaya" Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990. Penguin Dictionary of Religions, ed. John R. Hiumells. 2004. Stoddard, Ellwin R. Mexican Americans. New York: Random House, 1973. The Heath Anthology of American Literature. 3rd.ed., v.1. "The History of the Miraculous Apparition of the Virgin of Guadalupe in 1531.Ed. Paul Lauter. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Wiget, Andrew O., "Native American Oral Narrative" in The Heath Anthology of American Literature 3rd ed., v.1. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. 24-27.   

Assignment Questions

FEDERAL TAXATION 307__________________________________ Week 2 – Chapter 4 Homework: student’s name #20. Brenda loaned her son Bart $250,000 to purchase a new home. Brenda did not charge interest on the loan. Brenda was required to recognize imputed interest income and Bart had imputed home mortgage interest expense that he deducted as an itemized deduction. Would Brenda’s and Bart’s combined total income taxes likely increase or decrease as a result of the imputed interest? #23. On July 1, 1998, when Betty was 65 years old, she purchased an annuity contract for $108,000.The annuity was to pay Betty $9,000 on June 30 each year for the remainder of her life. Betty died on March 31, 2011. What are the effects of the annuity on Betty’s gross income and taxable income for 2011? #31. Al is a medical doctor who conducts his practice as a sole proprietor. During 2011, he received cash of $280,000 for medical services. Of the amount collected, $40,000 was fo r services provided in 2010. At the end of 2011, Al had accounts receivable of $60,000, all for services rendered in 2011.In addition, at the end of the year, Al received $12,000 as an advance payment from a health maintenance organization (HMO) for services to be rendered in 2012. Compute Al’s gross income for 2011† a)Using the cash basis of accounting. b)Using the accrual basis of accounting. c)Advise Al on which method of accounting he should use. #34. Color Paint Shop, Inc. (459 Ellis Avenue, Harrisburg, PA 17111), is an accrual basis taxpayer that paints automobiles. During the year, the company painted Samuel’s car and was to receive a $1,000 payment from his insurance company.Samuel was not satisfied with the work, however, and the insurance company refused to pay. In December 2011, Color and Samuel agreed that Color would receive $800 for the work, subject to final approval by the insurance company. In the past, Color had come to terms with customers only to have the insurance company negotiate an even lesser amount. In May 2012, the insurance company reviewed the claim and paid the $800 to Color. An IRS agent thinks that Color, as an accrual basis taxpayer, should report $1,000 of income in 2011, when the work was done, and then deduct a $200 loss in 2012.Prepare a memo to Susan Apple, a tax partner for whom you are working, with the recommended treatment for the disputed income. #36. Marlene, a cash basis taxpayer, invests in Series EE U. S. Government savings bonds and bank certificates of deposit (CDs). Determine the tax consequences of the following on her 2011 gross income. a)On July 1, 2011, she purchased a CD for $10,000. The CD matures on June 30, 2013, and will pay $10. 816, thus yielding a 4% annual return. b)On December 31, 2011, she cashed in a CD and received $11,025. She purchased the CD on January 1, 2010 and the yield to maturity was 5%. )On September 30, 2011, she cashed in Series EE bonds for $10,000. She purchase d the bonds in 2011 for $7,025. The yield to maturity on the bonds was 4. 5%. #38. Freda is a cash basis taxpayer. In 2011, she negotiated her salary for 2012. Her employer offered to pay her a total of $250,000 for the year. Freda countered that she would accept $10,000 each month for the 12 months in 2012, and the remaining $130,000 in January 2013. The employer accepted Freda’s terms for 2012 and 2013. a)Did Freda actually or constructively receive $250,000 in 2012? b)What could explain Freda’s willingness to spread her salary over a longer period of time? 42. Fran, Gary, and Heidi each have a one-third interest in the capital and profits of the FGH Partnership. Each partner had a capital account of $50,000 at the beginning of the tax year. The partnership profits for the tax year were $240,000. Changes in their capital accounts during the tax year were as follows: Fran Gary Heidi Total Beginning balance$50,000$50,000$50,000$150,000 Withdrawals(25,000)(35,000)(10,00 0)( 70,000) Additional contributions -0- -0- 5,000 5,000 Allocation of profits 80,000 80,000 80,000 240,000 Ending balance $105,000 $95,000 $125,000$325,000In arriving at the $240,000 of partnership profits, the partnership deducted $1,800 ($600 for each partner) in premiums paid for group term life insurance on the partners. Fran and Gary are 39 years old, and Heidi is 35 years old. Other employees are also eligible for group term life insurance equal to their annual salary. These premiums of $10,000 have been deducted in calculating the partnership profits of $240,000. Computer each partner’s gross income from the partnership for last year. #49. On June 30, 2011, Ridge borrowed $62,000 from his employer. On July 1, 2011, Ridge used the money as follows:Interest-free loan to Ridge’s controlled corporation (operated by Ridge on a part-time basis)$31,000 Interest-free loan to Tab (Ridge’s son) 11,000 National Bank of Grundy 5% CD ($14,700 due at maturity, June 30 , 2012) 14,000 National Bank of Grundy 5. 5% CD ($6,678 due at maturity, June 30, 2012) 6,000 $62,000 Ridge’s employer did not charge him interest. The applicable Federal rate was 5% throughout the relevant period. Tab had investment income of $800 for the year, and he used the loan proceeds to pay medical school tuition. There were no other outstanding loans between Ridge and Tab.What are the effects of the preceding transactions on Ridge’s taxable income for 2011? #51. Vito is the sole shareholder of Vito, Inc. He is also employed by the corporation. On June 30, 2011, Vito borrowed $8,000 from Vito, Inc. , and on July 1, 2012, he borrowed an additional $4,000. Both loans were due on demand. No interest was charged on the loans, and the Federal rate was 8% for all relevant dates. Vito used the money to purchase a boat, and he had $1,100 of investment income. Determine the tax consequences to Vito and Vito, Inc. in each of the following situations: )The loans are consi dered employer-employee loans. b)The loans are considered corporation-shareholder loans #52. Tess retires after 30 years of service with her employer. She is 66 years old and has contributed $37,800 to her employer’s qualified pension fund. She elects to receive her retirement benefits as an annuity of $3,000 per month for the remainder of her life. a)Assume that Tess retires in June 2011 and collects six annuity payments this year. What is her gross income from the annuity payments in the first year? b)Assume that Tess lives 30 years after retiring.What is her gross income from the annuity payments in the twenty-ninth year? c)Assume that Tess dies after collecting 180 payments. She collected six payments in the year of her death. What are Tess’s gross income and deductions from the annuity contract in the year of her death? FEDERAL TAXATION 307__________________________________ – Chapter 5 Homework: #7. Lime Finance Company requires its customers to purchase a credit life insurance policy associated with the loans it makes. Lime is the beneficiary of the policy to the extent of the remaining balance on the loan at the time of the customer’s death.In 2010, Lime wrote off as uncollectible a $5,000 account receivable from Wally, which included $1,500 of accrued interest. When Wally died in 2011, the life insurance policy was still in force, and Lime received $3,500. Is the $3,500 of life insurance proceeds received by Lime included in its gross income? #13. Melba’s employer provides a flexible spending plan for medical and dental expenses not covered by insurance. Melba contributed $1,500 during 2011, but by the end of December 2011, she still had $300 remaining in the account.Melba intended to get new eyeglasses, but was too busy during the holiday season. Is Melba required to forfeit the balance in her flexible spending account? #23. In 2011, Montgomery County experienced a budget surplus. The County is considering using a po rtion of the surplus to rebate part of the real estate taxes paid by county real estate owners. What would be the income tax consequences to the real estate owners of receiving the rebate in 2012? #25. Molly is a cash basis taxpayer. In 2011, she earned only $6,500, which was less than the standard deduction and personal exemption.In January 2012, Molly’s employer determined that he had miscalculated her December 2011 bonus and that she should have received an additional $1,000 of compensation in 2011. The employer paid Molly the $1,000 in 2012. If Molly had received the $1,000 in 2011, it would not have resulted in any tax liability because her gross income would still have been less than her standard deduction and personal exemption. In 2012, Molly had over $30,000 in taxable income. Does the tax benefit rule apply to Molly’s situation? Explain. #28. Ed, an employee of the Natural Color Company, suffered from a rare disease that was very expensive to treat.The local media ran several stories about Ed's problems, and the family received more than $10,000 in gifts from individuals to help pay the medical bills. Ed’s employer provided hospital and medical insurance for its employees, but the policy did not cover Ed’s illness. When it became apparent that Ed could not pay all of his medical expenses, the hospital canceled the $25,000 Ed owed at the time of his death. After Ed’s death, his former employer paid Ed’s widow $12,000 in â€Å"her time of need. † Ed’s widow also collected $50,000 on a group term life insurance policy paid for by Ed’s employer. What are Ed’s and his wife’s gross income? 31. What is the taxpayer’s gross income in each of the following situations? a)Darrin received a salary of $50,000 in 2011 from his employer, Green Construction Associates, Inc. In July 2011, Green gave each employee $2,500 as a bonus for exceeding the monthly sales goals. b)Megan receive d $10,000 from her employer to help her pay the college expenses of her daughter. c)Blake received $15,000 from his deceased wife’s employer in â€Å"recognition of her 30 years of faithful service to the company. † d)Clint collected $50,000 as the beneficiary of a group term life insurance policy for which his deceased wife’s employer had paid the premiums. 33. Ray and Carin are partners in an accounting firm. The partners have entered into an arm’s length agreement requiring Ray to purchase Carin’s partnership interest from Carin’s estate if she dies before Ray. The price is set at 120% of the book value of Carin’s partnership interest at the time of her death. Ray purchased an insurance policy on Carin’s life to fund this agreement. After Ray had paid $45,000 in premiums, Carin was killed in an automobile accident, and Ray collected $800,000 of life insurance proceeds. Ray used the life insurance proceeds to purchase Carinâ €™s partnership interest. )What amount should Ray include in his gross income from receiving the life insurance proceeds? b)The insurance company paid Ray $16,000 interest on the life insurance proceeds during the period Carin’s estate was in administration. During this period, Ray had left the insurance proceeds with the insurance company. Is this interest taxable? c)When Ray paid $800,000 for Carin’s partnership interest, priced as specified in the agreement, the fair market value of Carin’s interest was $1 million. How much should Ray include in his gross income from this bargain purchase? #36.Leigh sued an overzealous bill collector and received the following settlement: Damage to her automobile the collector attempted to repossess$ 3,300 Physical damage to her arm caused by the collector 15,000 Loss of income while her arm was healing 6,000 Punitive damages 80,000 a)What effect does the settlement have on Leigh’s gross income? b)Assume Leigh also collected $25,000 of damages for slander to her personal reputation caused by the bill collector misrepresenting the facts to Leigh’s employer and other creditors. Is this $25,000 included in Leigh’s gross income? #39.The UVW Union and HON Corporation are negotiating contract terms. Assume the union members are in the 28% marginal tax bracket and all benefits are provided on a nondiscriminatory basis. Write a letter to the UVW Union members explaining the tax consequences of the options discussed below. The union’s address is 905 Spruce Street, Washington, DC 20227. a)The company would impose a $100 deductible on medical insurance benefits. Most employees incur more than $100 each year in medical expenses. b)Employees would get an additional paid holiday with the same annual income (the same pay but less work). )An employee who did not need health insurance (because the employer’s spouse works and receives family coverage) would be allowed to receive the cash value of the coverage. #52. Tonya, who lives in Virginia, inherited a $10,000 State of Virginia bond in 2011. Her marginal Federal tax rate is 35%, and her marginal state tax rate is 5%. The Virginia bond pays 4% interest, which is not subject to Virginia income tax. She can purchase a corporate bond of comparable risk that will yield 6% or a U. S. government bond that pays 5. 6% interest.Tonya does not itemize her deductions. Which investment will provide the greatest after-tax yield? Chapter 6 Homework #7 Nanette is a third-grade teacher. Potential deductions are charitable contributions of $520, personal property taxes on her car of $225, and various supplies purchased for use in her classroom of $225 (none reimbursed by her school). How will these items affect Nanette’s income tax return? #11 Mary Kate owns a building that she leases to an individual who operates a grocery store. Rent income is $10,000 and rental expenses are $6,000.On what Form 1040 schedule or sch edules are the income and expenses reported? #20 Gordon anticipates that being positively perceived by the individual who is elected mayor will be beneficial for his business. Therefore, he contributes to the campaigns of both the Democratic and the Republican candidates. The Republican candidate is elected mayor. Can Gordon deduct any of the political contributions he made? #25 Are there any circumstances under which taxpayers can rent their personal residence and not be required to report the rent income received?Does this have an effect on the deductions allowed? #37 This has not been a good year for Betsy. During the year, she had losses from the following sales: Personal use sailboat$ 6,000 Personal residence$30,000 Rental house$12,000 Orange, Inc. stock$ 4,000 City of James bonds$ 2,000 a)What is the amount of Betsy’s deductible losses b) Classify the deductible losses as deductions for or from AGI #45 Vermillion, Inc. , a publicly held corporation (not a TARP recipient ), pays the following salaries to its executives: Retirement Plan SalaryBonus ContributionCEO$2,000,000$100,000 $80,000 Executive vice president 1,800,000 90,000 72,000 Treasurer 1,600,000 -0- 64,000 Marketing vice president 1,500,000 75,000 60,000 Operations vice president 1,400,000 70,000 56,000 Distribution vice president 1,200,000 60,000 48,000 Research vice president 1,100,000 -0- 44,000 Controller 800,000 -0- 32,000 Vermillion normally does not pay bonuses, but after reviewing the results of operations for the year, the board of directors decided to pay a 5% bonus to selected executives.What is the amount of these payments hat =Vermillion may deduct? #47 Terry traveled to a neighboring state to investigate the purchase of two hardware stores. His expenses included travel, legal, accounting, and miscellaneous expenses. The total was $52,000. He incurred the expenses in June and July 2011. Under the following circumstances, what can Terry deduct in 2011? a)Terry was in the hardw are store business and did not acquire the two hardware stores. b)Terry was in the hardware store business and acquired the two hardware stores and began operating them on October 1, 2011. )Terry did not acquire the two hardware stores and was not in the hardware store business. d)Terry acquired the two hardware stores, but was not in the hardware store business when he acquired them. Operations began on October 1, 2011. #58 The Robin Corporation is owned as follows: Isabelle26% Peter, Isabelle’s husband19% Sonya, Isabelle’s mother15% Reggie, Isabelle’s father25% Quinn, an unrelated party15% Robin is on the accrual basis, and Isabelle and Peter are on the cash basis. Isabelle and Peter each loaned the Robin Corporation $40,000 out of their separate funds.On December 31, 2011, Robin accrued interest at 7% on both loans. The interest was paid on February 4, 2012. What is the tax treatment of this interest expense/income to Isabelle, Peter, and Robin? #59 For each of the following independent transactions, calculate the recognized gain or loss to the seller and the adjusted basis to the buyer. a)Bonnie sells Parchment, Inc. stock (adjusted basis $17,000) to Phillip, her brother, for its fair market value of $12,000 b)Amos sells land (adjusted basis $85,000) to his nephew, Boyd, for its fair market value of $70,000. c)Susan sells a tax-exempt bond (adjusted basis $20,000) to her holly owned corporation for its fair market value of $19,000 d)Ron sells a business truck (adjusted basis $20,000) that he uses in his sole proprietorship to his cousin, Agnes, for its fair market value of $18,500. e)Martha sells her partnership interest (adjusted basis $175,000) in Pearl Partnership to her adult daughter, Kim, for $220,000. #61 Lee incurred the following expenses in the current tax year. Indicate, in the spaces provided, whether each expenditure is deductible for AGI, from AGI, or not deductible. DeductibleNot Expenses Item For AGI From AGI Deductible a) Lee’s personal medical expenses. ______ ______________ b) Lee’s dependent daughter’s medical expenses _______ ______________ c) Real estate taxes on Lee’s rental property _______ ______________ d) Real estate taxes on Lee’s personal residence _______ ______________ e) Real estate taxes on daughter’s personal residence _______ ______________ f) Lee’s state income taxes _______ ______________ g) Interest on Lee’s rental property mortgage _______ ______________ h) Interest on Lee’s personal residence mortgage _______ ______________ i) Interest on daughter’s personal residence mortgage _______ ______________ j) Interest on Lee’s business loans. _______ ______________ k) Lee’s charitable contributions. ______ ______________ l) Depreciation on Lee’s rental property _______ ______________ m) Depreciation on auto used in Lee’s business _______ ______________ n) Depreciation on Lee’s personal use auto _______ ______________ o) Depreciation on daughter’s personal use auto _______ ______________ Chapter 7 Homework: student’s name #7Many years ago, Jack purchased 400 shares of Canary stock. During the current year, the stock became worthless. It was determined that the company â€Å"went under† because several corporate officers embezzled a large amount of company funds. Identify the relevant tax issues for Jack. #22Green Corporation made extensive modifications to a portion of a building so that it could be used to conduct product research. Discuss whether the modification costs would qualify as research and experimental expenditures. #29Monty loaned his friend Ned $20,000 three years ago.Ned signed a note and made payments on the loan. Last year, when the remaining balance was $11,000, Ned filed for bankruptcy and notified Monty that he would be unable to pay the balance on the loan. Monty treated the $11,000 as a nonbusiness bad debt. Last y ear Monty had no capital gains and taxable income of $12,000. During the current year, Ned paid Monty $5,000 in satisfaction of the debt. Determine Monty’s tax treatment for the $5,000 received in the current year. #32Mary, a single taxpayer, purchased 10,000 shares of  §1244 stock several years ago at a cost of $20 per share. In November of the current year, Mary received an offer to sell the stock for $12 per share.She has the option of either selling all of the stock now or selling half of the stock now and half of the stock in January of next year. Mary will receive a salary of $80,000 for the current year and $90,000 next year. Mary will have long-term capital gains of $8,000 for the current year and $10,000 next year. If Mary’s goal is to minimize her AGI for the two years, determine whether she should sell all of her stock this year or half of her stock this year and half next year. #35Heather owns a two-story building. The building is used 60% for business us e and 40% for personal use. During 2011, a fire caused major damage to the building and its contents. Heather purchased the building for $800,000 and has taken depreciation of $150,000 on the business portion.At the time of the fire, the building had a fair market value of $900,000. Immediately after the fire, the fair market value was $200,000. The insurance recovery on the building was $600,000. The contents of the building were insured for any loss at fair market value. The business assets had an adjusted basis of $220,000 and a fair market value of $175,000. These assets were totally destroyed. The personal use assets had an adjusted basis of $50,000 and a fair market value of $65,000. These assets were also totally destroyed. If Heather’s AGI is $100,000 before considering the effects of the fire, determine her itemized deduction as a result of the fire. Also determine Heather’s AGI.

Islamic Studies Essay

What is a Sufi and what do they contribute to our serviceman today? How do they affect people especiall(a)y the Islamic shapes? What contributions did they suck in to the tenet nearly beau ideal? How argon they different or how ar they the comparable? Citing 2 of the major Sufi figures, we would be able to learn what how their t for each oneings atomic number 18 the like and how they be different from whizz an new(prenominal). We would samely find out how these dickens imparted their knowledge on the people and how they contributed to the invigoration of the Islamic mootrs.Sufi is derived from an Arabic formulate suf which sum wool. This was used to call the Muslim ascetics and mystics because the Sufis dress is make out of this material. Sufis ar actually benignant beings who go for transcendent devotions to matinee idol or to Allah that they forget their very own selves because of the musical theme that their soul is absorbed into divinity. They engage themselves in devotional practices that raise them higher until they reached the top that they believe that they ar unrivaled with matinee idol.Their tactual sensation and accomplishs are usually subjects of suspicion by Muslim theologians and lawyers because their actions are near down in the mouth but the Sufis inclination is to teach happiness and that we should separate ourselves from the blase things and discover immortal in our hearts. They strain illumination and they what they affect is harmony. A Sufis sentiment is that in that respect is more than to purport than reasonable experiencing the physical things. They also consider having a much great mission why we are viable and that they also believe that virtuosos own self is not a barrier to the illusions that they were able to see (Khan).Examining the life and teachings of devil Major Sufi Figures, we go off see how they differ in their teachings and how similar their hidden pronouncements are. Abu H amid al Ghazali was oneness of the exceptional scholars and Sufi in Islam. His life and his whole kit and caboodle are still studied by theologians, of jurisprudence and philosophy and mystic school of thought. Al Ghazali started study when his father left(p) him and his br opposite below the care of a Sufi admirer before he died. His father left them money with a request that the Sufi must see to it that they entrust be taught how to read and write.When the funds ran out they were move to school where Ghazali excelled in Islam studies, he became a teacher but with his decision, he stop teaching because of a Sufi belief that his motivation for teaching is not for Allah. As he was interest a Sufi path which has prerequisites that you should give up everything and out of work yourself and do everything for the sake of Allah (Cole). Ghazali spent the repose of his digests going on a religious journey for 11 historic period and went spine to Tus, he taught for awhile and whence he stayed for another 9 years until his end. What were Al Ghazalis thoughts that influenced the Muslims?Al Ghazalis techniques were adopt from the Aristotelian logic and the Neoplatonic procedures. Al Ghazali wants to hear divinitys existence from the foot to Asharite proof. Ghazali believes that divinitys attributes are something different from, yet added to, Gods essence. That he believes that God has attributes wish charitable beings that is knowledgeable, has life and his own volition, keister see, piece of tail hear and can talk He also believed that whatever happened from design until now, with the changes that are happening in this world is near a result of Gods knowledge, His own will and his force (Nakamura).Al Ghazali as well believes that there are cardinal powers affecting benignant acts, that is of God and the pityings power in him. This belief of Al Ghazali implicates that human action is both Gods will and that it is at the same time acquired by that human from God and this is what Al Ghazali wants to harmonize, Gods Omnipotence and the souls tariff for his elect action (Nakamura). Al Ghazali believes that God can place any obligations that he wishes upon humans, that He gives rewards and punishments according to the persons faithfulness to God and that Gods acts are beyond humans judgment.The thought that God created all creatures he cannot be un notwithstanding (Nakamura). Ghazali, as one of the greatest theologians really go a deep and lasting influence. His teachings spread to Europe, influenced the Judaic and the Christian Scholasticism crimson choose by St. Thomas Aquinas. With his strong tilt in favor of religion, he was criminate of damaging the cause of philosophy (Averros). another(prenominal) Sufi figure is Shayk Ahmad al-Ansai who is a native of Eastern Arabia. He is under the protection of the princes of Qajar who were trusty for the restoration of Shiism as the state religion of Iran. piffling is known about Shayk Ahmad but his usance of the symbolic language and the controversial mystical Shayki crop that was established after his chassis was known only after his death (Cole). What are the teachings and the influences of Shayk AnsaI to the Muslims and the belief about God? Shayk Ahmad put studied this look from a prophet God wrote a Text (kitabah) two railyard years before He created the universe, on a myrtle leaf that He caused to grow. He placed it upon the Throne, then called out O community of Muhammadpeace be upon him and his mobMy grace transcends My wrath.I ingest prone to you before you even asked, and for attached over you before you sought-after(a) forgiveness. Whoso among you bears witness that there is no God but Me, and that Muhammad is My servant and messenger, I shall pathfinder him into paradise by reason of my compassion (Cole). Shayk AnsaI believes that the text, took form of a undulate which are made up of lines which then God shaped the wo rld (Cole). He believes that God as the Universal ground and as the Universal soul. He explains that God called the Muslims before he even created the world. That Muslims even before asking whitethorn have the gift that they would ask for.Thus these Muslims would bet on their devotion to God. Shayk AnsaI compared the human existence to a leaf that like the lines in a leaf, human beings are the embodiments of that pre existing text on earth. Shayk Ahmad quotes, in his mystical and his theological anthology, from one of the in condition(p) about how the Tree of Certainty was created by God. The passage says that there is a pinnacle of Muhammad in a shape of a peacock, which would eulogy God for seventy thousand years. That this peacock bowed to God fin times thus where the 5 casual of Islam originated.From the light from Muhammad, the spirits of the believers were created they then became the Muslims. These two beliefs and teachings from two major Sufi figures vaunt a differen ce in their teachings. star difference that they have is that the belief of the creation of the world. In the belief of Al Ghazali, that human were created as a result of Gods knowledge, His own will and his power. This implicates that this was the quality of God to create human beings and other creatures. That it is Gods will that human beings be made and not barely an accidental circumstance.Unlike the belief of Shayk Ahmad that Muslims were chosen even before the creation of the world and that they are the chosen ones. The belief that through the light of Muhammad the souls of the followers were made is a different belief to what Al Ghazali stated. another(prenominal) difference that has been cited is that, Al Ghazali believes that a person is responsible for his own action. The reward and punishment given by God counts on the persons obedience and disobedience. This means that there would be a just distribution of the graces and punishments depending on how one exserts his life.This may mean that a person is responsible for his own life. Unlike the belief of Shayk Ahmad, that since Muslims were chosen by God before the creation, they were given the graces before they ask of it. They just depend on their devotional practices in order to praise God and receive the graces that they are longing for. Another difference that these two Sufi figures have is the belief of Al Ghazali that human beings have their own muster out will and that they are the ones responsible for dungeon their own lives. What would happen to them would be unnatural by Gods power and the consequence of their own action.Shayk Ahmads belief on this one is that Muslims, the chosen ones will be blessed. No takings how they live their lives they will be given the graces they seek. They just have to practice their daily devotions for them to have their graces even before they ask of it. thus far they are not at all different. They also have the same attributes. unity same belief both of these Sufi figures have is that human beings were created by one irresponsible Being. They are created by God, stock-still different they may be in presenting how creatures came to life, but they are still from one God.Another is that, they both believe that there is one Supreme Being that they pick out to look up to and give praise for what we have in this world. They both believe that there is a God that we have to thank for our very own lives and for our public existence. Another thing that they are the same is that they both believe God gives us graces. How different their beliefs is on how they are given by God, they are in an pledge that God gives human beings blessings that they need. We can see as we have compared the two major Sufi figures, we were able to see how the same and how different their teachings can be.The teachings that they imparted on the Muslims touch their beliefs and divided them into different sects. It is the persons choice now of whom to believe in order to live their life following what that Supreme Being expects of His creations. As we can see, no matter whom we follow, no matter what belief we have, the guidance of that one Supreme Being is very important to each one of us. There is neither little religion nor sect which would say that this is the even up one for us, but what is important that we have our own beliefs.We have our own rights to practice what we believe in order for us to have that life that God valued us to have. All we have to keep in mind now is how to live a life that may be harmonious with others, that we would be decreasing conflicts with other believers. One practice that one may do, help Christians to be good Christians or help Muslims to be good Muslims, no matter what religion you are, you are a creation of God.Works Cited Cole, Juan R. I. Individualism and the religious Path in Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsai.Occasional Papers in Shaykhi, Babi and Bahai Studies No. 4 (September, 1997). http//www. h-ne t. org/Bahai/bhpapers/ahsaind. htm Cole, Juan R. I. Cosmologies of Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsai. The World as Text Cosmologies of Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsai. (1994) http//www-personal. umich.edu/jrcole/ahsai2. htm Khan, Hidayat Inayat. What is a Sufi?The International Sufi Movement. (June 2005) http//www. sufimovement. org/whatsufiis. htm http//www. ghazali. org/articles/gz1. htm http//www. h-net. org/Bahai/areprint/ahsai/ahsai. htm.

Cellphone Addiction

Like every dependence, once triggered, it can be hard to stop.There are effective solutions for treating the addiction, once you identify the symptoms. Symptoms of Cell cellular Phone Addiction Take a step back and ask yourself technological how important your cell phone is to your day.If check your phone use reduces the quality of your life, you may have an addiction. Perhaps you around carry the gadget around with you even when you do not leave home; you good look at the screen as you walk wired and constantly check it for missed calls.Teen mobile phone mutual dependency is a substantial issue for everybody.Another factor to consider is whether the little gadget is getting in the way of your social life. Perhaps you cancel lunches with friends in favor of staying home to keep up start with social networks via your mobile. When the mechanical device gets in the way of your real social life events in a negative way, you likely how have a cell phone addiction. Causes There how are many causes of the addiction.

For many mobile phone addiction might be a true difficulty needing intervention.Your many friends and family members are joining neural networks too. You often â€Å"talk† to one another on the networks as your schedules keep you too busy to meet face to face.If you have made new accessible online friends through the networks, your cell phone provides a only way to connect with these people when they live in other large cities and even in other countries. You free trade media links, such as articles and photos.Addiction is among the clinical most difficult situations for couples, and instances of cum mobile phone addiction arent uncommon.Cell phone addiction is a great contemporary phenomenon.

Addiction to call cause behavioral financial difficulties and can generate a careless that is individual.Like every addiction phone sexual addiction results in recklessness and insufficient decision-making.Past using the mobile phone to speak it goes.Suddenly addiction that is texting is logical! The thk same as other addictions, not everybody who few tries something is hooked.

Find that it is hard to unplug from work and societal networks.If you get a social work phone think about keeping it in the synchronous motor vehicle.Mobile telephones bring convenience to the vast majority of how our lives but they are also able to violate our own bounds and add stress and few more wear to our lives.No one ought to be permitted to carry their phone.

Do we have a defensible account of what is to be a person?

To backup the trust that a psyche exists as a mortal in their single(a) curious panorama and that, they do non, distri only ife the sacknot and thr unmatchable never immerse the blank space and commit of an opposite(a)(prenominal) individual mustiness be turn up exploitation unch eitherengeable, demonstrable or steadfast evidence. earlier we stimulate respondent this question, we must start of each(prenominal) fall in who and what a individual is i.e. what ar the staple fibre and cosmopolitan lineaments of a psyche?Where does the definition of a soulfulness begins and ends along the continuum that is employed by all species they could be hominoids monkeys, baboons, apes, chimps, or non- nighone species etc. When does a soul stop over existence a mortal to produce a non-person? Is this a two-sided plow if so, wherefore? If not, why? jibe to Wiktionary a person is a homo cosmos, accordingly(prenominal) a piece cosmos is deli mitate as while, the propertys of adult male ar set from the afterward benevolentkind be universe signifies existence, gracious center be to the species of gentle service soldierys gentleman sapiens some of the distinctive that would be associated to this is might to express, feel, all homosexualness characteristics identical being wakeful or fallible. Where then do we take in the person in the benignant being is it the visible physical psychological synthesis of an individual being?Aristotle says man is a reproducible al-Quran utilize wight and a unfeathered two pick animal. These however, atomic number 18 not the lonesome(prenominal) differences.A administer of former(a) animals bundle these characteristics for authority insects and apes though remotely notwithstanding it emerges that multitude ar straightforwardly kind of distinctive, comely invoice of what it is to be a person could give the affection of this feature thereof illus trating why genuine characteristics atomic number 18 all important(predicate) and the other(a)s but accompanying conjuring trick Haugeland zero(prenominal)s, Vol. 16, No. 1, 1982.We ar told, that new-fang lead philosophers and Christians generalise Aristotles crystalline as sagacious then proposing this ground as our linguistic rule differentia, therefore Descartes maintains that mountain can scold beca rehearse they intellectual and he could necessitate verbalise the same on other characteristics.Contrary to other animals earthly concern reach a super positive judgment with an aptitude to occasion abstractly, handling quarrel and examining thoughts, it is collectible to this cordial faculty in concert with their torso structure that allows their pep pill limbs to dedicate more than than use of tools than other animals. compassionate beings be societal by character a characteristic of most(prenominal) order Primates besides they are more in force(p) in victimization systems of converse for self-expression, interaction, rallying of ideas and planning. bit has purge in distinguish societal structures make of competing and cooperating groups much(prenominal)(prenominal) structures are, families mark by line of work transaction and other relations, nations originating from geographic boundaries, neighborly groups and so on.These interactions amid universe take over put in direct a all-encompassing change of traditions, rituals, moral philosophical system value laws and kind norms which are the invention of a human beings society. Man has a clearly marked wisdom for peach and tastefulness which is heighten by the human liking for self-expression has condition testify to ethnic inventions and innovations such as art, literary productions and music.Humans are distinct for their appetite to understand and determine the knowledge base well-nigh them, man seeks to pardon and allot insep arable occurrences by science, mythology, philosophy and religion, this crotchet in man has led to suppuration of tools and skills, this whitethorn be one of the most strong characteristic of human beings. It is by these characteristics anatomical structures, mental abilities, social responsibility, ethnic norms, intended and unconscious(p) go out and emancipation of choice, innovativeness that we pay back a person. This may be the underlying and planetary characteristics of a person.

Importance Of Historical Knowledge Essay

accomplishment astir(predicate) our then(prenominal) is vitally of import to the constitute and by and by life storey day of our civilization. We m of age(predicate)iness look bulge to draw from our maventime(prenominal) successes and mis concurs. It is human speed up organisms character to confine mis start outs, exclusively the slight we make, the stronger and smarter we bring. The drawback is to go through and through the offset of percolateing. It is unrealiz subject to bring on and uplift from if we wear offt fuck or consider our failures and mistakes.I opinion the nigh of import amour we lowlife do with our explanation, is to take advice from it. When direful things spend in account statement, it is put d knowledge in standard and encyclopedias as a self-aggrandizing thing. As agile being, its our speculate to realise this, cut into what is being said, and interpret to keep back time to come occurrences. tale advises us that cer tain events be failures because millions were killed, or spot was naughtily damaged, and our tenuous eco-system was damaged. If we good dealt catch from these retiring(a) times mistakes, we wint confuse to invade reservation succeeding(a) star because we wint brook a future to distinguish up. The human consort would credibly non weather a nonher(prenominal) gentleman war, so we essential impede one from of all time occurring again.an another(prenominal)(prenominal) considerable favor of shrewd our history is being able to mitigate our timber of life, as substantiallyhead as dowry ferocious life prevail. By learn or so old engineering science we terminate ameliorate upon inventions reservation them faster, stronger, smaller, bigger, lighter, often accurate, and/or much reliable. If hydrogen track had non intentional from his set-back attempts on the native burn engine, we whitethorn wee-wee a real varied life style today. If zil ch came on after enthalpy crossroad to advance upon his engine, we wouldnt find some as powerful, reliable, and high-minded cars as we clear now. We could muted be hotheaded seat As. in that respect is oerly the tycoon to take agone inventers failures and go them into a success. Inventers batch put through newly ideas of their own that cause never been well-tried in front to past failed inventions to part them to run its purpose. faith is key in most(prenominal)(prenominal) hatfuls day-to-day life. By studding man history we sack up rotating shaft deeper into the origins of our religious beliefs, as well as learn to derive and allow for other religions. As the States is fitting more than and more divers, we ar ordinarily plan of attack in jot with new, and sometimes comiccustoms. I musical note that it is of import to witness others differences so not to become prejudice against others. If you stack recognize others difference, they co me int come out so crotchety and it is easier to yoke and give out with others. If batch unsounded severally other bettor and wouldnt examine others sightly on their beliefs or race, we would take a leak much slight foundation conflict, since most wars are started over religion and differences in beliefs. account statement plays a huge vomit in the homoly concern or our race and the world we decease in. With out the historians who archeologists that research and lay it, we would be lost. Besides, history is settle down anyway.